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The Newbies Arena Are you new to knife making? Here is all the help you will need. |
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#1
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1095 grain size
Here are some pics of a neck knife I made out of 1095 from metal superstore. It was 3/16x2inches. I ground it to shape then heated it up to non magnetic and held it there for about a min running it in and out of the forge. I then quenched it in canola oil that I had heated w a railroad spike that I heated to orange hot and cooled in the canola. I tempered it in the oven at 450 for 2 cycles, letting it air cool between heats. I screwed up grinding the final shape and just decided to break it to see the grain size. Problem I have no idea what grain size should look like. Any help would be appreciated. I use a single burner Mathewson forge.[PHP][PHP]
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#2
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There's no picture here. But, the best way to find the answer to your question is to find a good high quality old file like a Nicholson and break it. That's what the grain should resemble ...
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#3
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I don't see a picture.
Does it look like grey velvet? That's what it should look like. I wouldn't heat my oil up with a orange hot spike as it might get too warm depending on how many gallons your talking about. Get a meat thermometer as you want your oil around 130 degrees. Also for 1095 you need a quicker oil than canola, peanut oil is closer to a fast quench oil like Parks 50. 1095 is a shallow hardening steel if you don't have a fast oil. I've used automatic transmission fluid which is pretty thin, watch the fumes and flash fires also.
Always have a lid to cover your quench tank. Knives don't cause flashes much, but I used to heat treat machine parts and they most assuredly could cause a big flash fire. __________________ Now it says Guru and it used to say Master. I think I like Master better, though skilled would be the best description |
#4
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Canola oil is the fastest of the vege oils, and faster than peanut oil, according to test reports I've read, and also Kevin Cashens findings. Candy thermometers are cheap, and most all grocery stores carry them.
ATF is entirely too slow for 1095, and better suited to steels requiring a medium speed quench, if you don't want to use a commercial quench oil. |
#5
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My experiences have been the same as WBE's. Never got good results with p-nut oil, with warmed canola did marginally ok. Hard to beat Parks 50 for 1095. ATF has all those additives that make the smoke/vapor from a quench just a little to iffy for me to be breathing in. I don't recommend standing in any of the smokes/vapors, life's just a little too short to poke that bear.
Ray's dead on with breaking a Nicholson for comparitive purposes....just use an old worn out one. __________________ Carl Rechsteiner, Bladesmith Georgia Custom Knifemakers Guild, Charter Member Knifemakers Guild, voting member Registered Master Artist - GA Council for the Arts C Rex Custom Knives Blade Show Table 6-H |
#6
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I've made a number of knives from 1095 which seems to have thus far, worked out well. 1095 will harden in Canola but from my research, you're just marginally there. I've also noted, relatively NEW canola does fine. After 10 or so quenches, it seems to quit hardening. Don't know why, the color of the oil does change somewhat so perhaps the properties change as well. Something gets burned out? Dunno... But I learned early on to use fresh oil as much as possible.
But like has been noted, it is generally accepted that Canola is the fastest vegetable quenching oil but still only marginally acceptable for 1095. It works very well with 0-1 which is a slower quenching steel. But then temp control pre-quench is more critical with 0-1. It needs a longer "soak" at critical temperature and that's very difficult to obtain and control in a forge. If you are committed to 1095 and want to really learn and use 1095 you probably need to get some Parks 50. Anyway, unless you're heating a couple gallons of oil, a glowing hot railroad spike will get the oil too hot. As noted, use a meat or candy thermometer and only heat it to 125?-130-ish?. For reference, that's nice warm shower temperature, not scalding. If you can hold your finger in it, and it's nice and warm but not scalding you're close. If you can't hold your finger in it, it's too hot. So this may be helpful if you want to just keep it simple for now. Forge knives, have fun. __________________ Find me on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/gpopecustomknives/ Gloria In Excelsis Deo!! |
#7
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PS to above post.
I should qualify; the success I've had hardening 1095 in Canola oil has all been with 1/8" thicknesses. If I'm not mistaken, using thicker steel, say 1/4" or more would likely lessen the chances of successfully hardening 1095 using Canola Oil. __________________ Find me on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/gpopecustomknives/ Gloria In Excelsis Deo!! |
#8
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You just have to remember that 1095 is a shallow hardening steel that will only harden to a maximum thickness, depending on the grain size. So try as you might you may only get the blade to harden to 1/8" thickness or less. However, I have read from Kevin Cashin that he has gottten 1095 to harden out to about 1/4" without growing the grain.
Doug __________________ If you're not making mistakes then you're not trying hard enough |
#9
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I bought generic vegetable to try and quench 1095. Is veg oil ok? Or should i get canola? I am unsure where I can buy parks 50, is it available online only? Or do some stores carry it?
Thanks! |
#10
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According to everyone above canola oil is the thinnest veg oil and 1095 requires very thin oil. Actually some makers say it should be quenched in brine heated to 130, but from what I've read cracking is sometimes problem with that. There are some real thin hydraulic oils, but I haven't ever heard of them used for quenching. A 200 ton punch press I had had very thin oil, was almost as thin as water, but I don't know the number of it or what it's viscosity was.
Has anyone here ever used hydraulic oil for quenching? __________________ Now it says Guru and it used to say Master. I think I like Master better, though skilled would be the best description |
#11
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I've used hydraulic oil for quenching and it works fine on 1084 and similar. I don't know that it would be fast enough for 1095. Between hydraulic and canola I'd choose canola. However, Parks 50 or Brownell's Tough Quench would be better still...
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#12
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Quote:
But if you have 1095, realistically probably any vegetable oil or a number of different oils will work and give you some degree of hardness. As Jim mentioned some use a brine solution and it WILL work but get ready for some significant warping and possibly broken blades. But you'll notice on here most of the really experienced guys, by that I mean people who have done this for years, will try to steer you toward making the best blade you can. They offer good advice and even though they don't all agree on the process every time, they really want you to succeed. And so, as mentioned above, Parks 50 is generally considered the best oil for 1095 and Ray mentioned Brownell's. Both are a bit pricey compared to simple Canola oil. But in answer to your original question, get some Canola. __________________ Find me on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/gpopecustomknives/ Gloria In Excelsis Deo!! |
Tags |
1095, automatic, bee, burner, cheap, degrees, file, forge, grinding, heat, heat treat, hot, knife, knives, made, make, metal, neck knife, old file, ore, problem, quenched, railroad spike, steel, switchblade |
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